The Most Common Root Words in English to Expand Vocabulary

by | Jan 19, 2025 | Intermediate Vocabulary | 0 comments

Expanding your vocabulary is one of the best ways to improve your English skills. One effective method is learning common root words—the building blocks of many English words. A root word is the core part of a word, often derived from Greek, Latin, or Anglo-Saxon, that carries its basic meaning. By understanding these roots, you can decode the meanings of unfamiliar words and communicate more confidently.

In this article, we’ll explore what root words are, why they’re essential, and how to use them to grow your vocabulary.

Table of Contents

Root Words in English

Root words form the foundation of many English words. By combining root words with prefixes (added to the beginning) and suffixes (added to the end), you can create new words. For example, the root “bio” means “life.” Adding the suffix “-logy” (study of) creates “biology,” which means the study of life.

Learning common root words helps you recognize patterns, making it easier to understand and remember new words.

What are Root Words?

A root word is the base part of a word that holds its primary meaning. Unlike standalone words, some root words require prefixes or suffixes to form complete words. For instance:

  • Root: “scrib” (write) → Words: “describe,” “scribble,” “manuscript.”
  • Root: “dict” (speak) → Words: “predict,” “dictate,” “dictionary.”

Root words come from ancient languages like Greek, Latin, and Anglo-Saxon. Understanding these roots opens the door to mastering many English words.

Common Latin Root Words

Latin Root
Definition
Examples
ambi
both
ambiguous, ambidextrous
aqua
water
aquarium, aquamarine
aud
to hear
audience, audition
bene
good
benefactor, benevolent
cent
one hundred
century, percent
circum
around
circumsference, circumstance
contra/counter
against
contradict, encounter
dict
to say
dictation, dictator
duc/duct
to lead
conduct, induce
fac
to do; to make
factory, manufacture
form
shape
confrorm, reform
fort
strenght
fotitude, fortress
fract
to break
fracture, fraction
ject
throw
projection, rejection
jud
judge
judicial, prejudice
mal
bad
malevolent, malefactor
mater
mother
material, maternity
mit
to send
transmit, admit
mort
death
mortal, mortician
multi
many
multimedia, multiple
pater
father
paternal, paternity
port
to carry
portable, transportation
rupt
to break
bankrupt, disuption
scrib/scribe
to write
inscription, prescribe
sect/sec
to cut
bisect, section
sent
to feel; to send
consent, resent
spect
to look
inspection, spectator
struct
to build
destruction, restructure
vid/vis
to see
video, televise
voc
voice; to call
vocalize, advocate

Common Greek Root Words

Latin Root
Definition
Examples
ambi
both
ambiguous, ambidextrous
aqua
water
aquarium, aquamarine
aud
to hear
audience, audition
bene
good
benefactor, benevolent
cent
one hundred
century, percent
circum
around
circumsference, circumstance
contra/counter
against
contradict, encounter
dict
to say
dictation, dictator
duc/duct
to lead
conduct, induce
fac
to do; to make
factory, manufacture
form
shape
confrorm, reform
fort
strenght
fotitude, fortress
fract
to break
fracture, fraction
ject
throw
projection, rejection
jud
judge
judicial, prejudice
mal
bad
malevolent, malefactor
mater
mother
material, maternity
mit
to send
transmit, admit
mort
death
mortal, mortician
multi
many
multimedia, multiple
pater
father
paternal, paternity
port
to carry
portable, transportation
rupt
to break
bankrupt, disuption
scrib/scribe
to write
inscription, prescribe
sect/sec
to cut
bisect, section
sent
to feel; to send
consent, resent
spect
to look
inspection, spectator
struct
to build
destruction, restructure
vid/vis
to see
video, televise
voc
voice; to call
vocalize, advocate

Conclusion

Learning common root words is a powerful way to expand your vocabulary and improve your English skills. By understanding Greek, Latin, and Anglo-Saxon roots, you can unlock the meanings of countless words. Start practicing these roots today to enhance your communication, reading comprehension, and confidence.

Pin It on Pinterest

Share This